World Models From Scratch, Part 2: Frozen Versus Joint
The zero from part 1 becomes 0.81 with a GRU bolted onto a frozen encoder, and 0.96 when the encoder learns from the prediction loss. Along the way: a model with the best one-step error in the experiment that leaves the data manifold by its thirtieth prediction, and an agent trained on nothing but hallucinations.
machine-learningworld-modelsrssmdreamerjax
world-models-part-1.md13 min
August 11, 2026
World Models From Scratch, Part 1: A Ball, a VAE, and a Number That Would Not Move
A VAE can reconstruct every frame perfectly and still know nothing about how the world moves. A toy environment where I know the ground truth, a linear probe that catches the latent out, a collapse that converged to exactly 11.17, and a dead model that scored 0.74.
From CT Scan to Fracture Map: A Practical Guide to 3D Medical Image Segmentation
How I built a pelvic fracture segmentation pipeline - and the single design decision that mattered more than the model. ABBC methodology, two-stage architecture with nnU-Net, and what actually matters when training on 3D medical data.
medical-imaging3d-segmentationdeep-learningnnunet
tinylm-intro.md15 min
January 8, 2026
Inside TinyLM: How I Built a Transformer I Could Actually Read
A walkthrough of building a transformer from scratch - RMSNorm vs LayerNorm, RoPE's rotation trick, the KV cache that makes generation not suck, and what training curves actually tell you.
machine-learningtransformerspytorchcuda
bittorch-1.58-bits.md18 min
December 15, 2025
1.58 Bits Per Weight: Implementing BitNet from Paper to CUDA
The story of building BitTorch: ternary neural networks from paper to CUDA. Why my first kernel was 20× slower than PyTorch, the gradient bug that cost a week, and what I learned about low-precision ML.
machine-learningcudaquantizationpytorch
systems-engineering-part-2.md20 min
May 24, 2025
Practice Project for Systems Engineering - Part 2
System architecture development for the RC safety system. Covering functional architecture, physical architecture, and software implementation with ESP32 and Arduino, including state machines and failsafe mechanisms.
Diving into requirements engineering for an RC safety system. From stakeholder identification through mission definition to system requirements, following the V-model methodology with practical examples.
A prelude to a mini-series applying systems engineering principles to a 1/14-scale RC buggy project. Fresh from an AIAA course on space-grade SE practice, exploring the V-model methodology.
systems-engineeringv-modelrc-racingembedded
learning-journey-intro.md3 min
March 27, 2025
Intro: Diving Into Open-Source Courses
Starting a new series to share my learning journey through open-source courses like Geometric Deep Learning, Stanford CS149 Parallel Computing, CMU Optimal Control, and Applied Space System Engineering.